Pisa

Pisa's Monumental Complex, known in Italian as the Campo dei Miracoli or Square of Miracles, is one of the most celebrated ensembles of Romanesque architecture in the world. Spread across a broad lawn in the city of Pisa, the complex brings together four extraordinary structures: the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta, the Baptistery of St John, the Camposanto Monumentale, and the famous Leaning Tower. Construction of the Cathedral began in 1063, with the Baptistery and Tower following in subsequent centuries, each contributing to a skyline that has drawn scholars, artists, and travellers for generations.

The Leaning Tower, begun in 1173, acquired its distinctive tilt during construction due to soft subsoil on one side, and stabilisation works completed in the early 2000s ensured it will stand for centuries to come. Visitors to the complex today can explore the Cathedral's gilded interior, climb the Tower's spiral staircase for views across the Tuscan plain, and discover the medieval frescoes and Roman sarcophagi housed within the Camposanto. Tickets cover entry to these monuments and the associated museums.